The motor cortex transmits these signals to the spinal cord, where they can reach the motor neurons. These messages primarily originate in the motor cortex, which is found in the frontal lobe of the brain. The brain controls both involuntary and voluntary muscular activity by sending neural messages to the muscles. How Does a Stroke Affect the Muscular System? Use the links below to jump straight to any condition:
Then, we will cover some of the best ways to treat these changes. In this article, you will learn some of the most common muscle function changes that can occur after stroke and why they happen. Journal compilation © Mac Keith Press 2011.There are several different ways that a stroke can affect the muscular system. The use of BoNT-A with usual care or physiotherapy seems to improve walking of children with CP, but results should be appraised carefully owing to the limited quality of included trials. The heterogeneity of the included studies, especially for outcome measures and follow-up assessments, prompted us to refrain from statistical pooling, which might also be considered a limitation. A limitation of our review was the exclusion of studies not published in English, Dutch, or German. Studies comparing BoNT-A versus casting showed strong evidence for no difference in effects between these interventions.
Trials comparing BoNT-A plus usual care or physiotherapy versus usual care or physiotherapy alone showed moderate evidence for functional outcomes at 2 to 6, 12, and 24 weeks follow-up in favour of BoNT-A. If statistical pooling was not feasible, we performed a best-evidence synthesis.Įight trials were included. The methodological quality and clinical relevance were independently assessed by two of the authors (UCR, CHGB). The intervention had to contain BoNT-A into the lower limb and be compared with usual care.
Randomized controlled trials assessing functional outcomes on walking of children with CP were included. We systematically searched the databases CINAHL, Cochrane, PEDro, EMBASE, and PubMed from July 1993 until July 2009 and additionally screened reference lists. To assess treatment effects of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) on walking of children with leg spasticity due to cerebral palsy (CP) compared with usual care.
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